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| Packaging is required to meet the most various and on the other hands quite exacting demands, and this particularly applies to barrier films.
DEFINITION:
Barrier Films lend themselves to the packaging of liquid, pasty, powdery or solid filling products, including:
- Food and agricultural products
- Pharmaceutical products and surgical instruments
- Cosmetics
- Chemical products
Support a longer shelf live and provide optimum protection against deterioration or, more specifically, a selective degree of permeability to:
- Gases (oxygen, nitrogen, carbondioxide)
- Aromas
- Water vapor
- Light (UV radiation)
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS
Depending on the product to be packaged and on the packaging and filling method to be employed, barrier films may have to meet other most diverse requirements, which can be summarized as follows:
- Vehicle for information
- Gloss, transparency
- Printability
- Processing and converting properties
- Suitability for thermoforming
- Heat-seal ability
- Suitability for sterilization
- Packaging and filling method (e.g. hot filling)
- Transport and mechanical protective functions
- Toughness, puncture resistance
- Scratch resistance
- Rigidity, stability
PA and EVOH based barrier films, also in combination with polyolefins (PE, PP) have been gaining increasing importance in this highly sensitive packaging sector.
The below 'diagram of properties' shows the most important polymer-related properties, which are of relevance to the composition of a multi-layer structure, and at the same time reveals that efficient barrier functions can only be achieved through combination of specified materials.
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DIAGRAM
Properties of different polymers (standard values, no guarantee)
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| Property | LDPE | PP | PA6 | EVOH |
| Tear resistance (N/mm2) | 20 | 45 | 90 | 30 |
| Elongation at break | 500 | 400 | 350 | 250 |
| Softening point (0C) | 105 | 140 | 200 | 175 |
O2 permeability (23 0C, 0% RH)
(Cm3 x m2 x d x bar) | 178000 | 81000 | 2000 | 4-60 |
Water vapor permeability (38 oC,90% RH)
(g x m2 x d) | 560 | 260 | 4300 | 2500-3000 |
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| In the field of barrier films, the below mentioned composites are predominantly to be found in the "flexible packaging" sector: |
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Analogous to the most versatile demands made on barrier films as packaging material, there are a number of basically different application areas which the films are able to serve and which can be roughly classified as follows:
- Laminating films
- Bag films
- Heat-seal pouches
- Tubular bags
- Shrink films
- Thermoforming films
- Tray film
- Lid film
The term laminating films relates to the films which are laminated in a separate operation.
Typical specimen of this category: PA/EVOH/PA
The classical 3-layer configuration - PO/Adh/PA - is mainly used in the field of bag films; in the combination ionomer/Adh/PA it is a frequently used structure for food packaging applications, where shrink films with good heat-seal properties and a high degree of transparency are demanded.
A general growth - which is attributable to the largely eliminated or at least reduced inclination to curling and to more universal application range - has recently been seen in the area of 5-layer composites, which afford both excellent barrier and thermoforming properties and are perfectly suited for the combination of PO and barrier materials to meet specific application requirements, as can be seen from the below diagram:
APPLICATION FIELDS OF BARRIER FILMS
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| MATERIAL COMBINATION | FIELD OF APPLICATION |
| 1. | Three-layer Film
LDPE/Adh/PA
EVA/Adh/PA
Ionomer/Adh/PA
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- Heat-seal pouches
- Tubular bags
- Shrink film
- Lid film
For: Meat, fish, sausage, harm,
cheese, dairy products, ready-to-serve meals, fatty products
Example:
Films bags for sliced cheese
PA6 20 m
Adh 5 m total 80 m
PE 55 m
Shelf life: 13 weeks at 7 o C
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| 2. | Three-layer film
PA/EVOH/PA
Oriented and non-oriented
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- Laminating film
For the production of composites with excellent gas barrier properties.
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| 3. | Five-layer film
(with PO as the substrate)
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- Lid film
- Tray film
- Shrink film
- Laminating film
For: Meat, fish, sausage, ham, cheese,
dairy products, ready-to-serve
meals, medical/surgery articles,
chemical products, wine, fruit juices
(bag-in-box), articles needing
sterilization, hot filling products
(ketchup, sauces/dressings)
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| The typical 5-layer barrier film is structured as follows: |
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Heat-seal layer
Adhesive layer
Barrier layer
Adhesive layer
Substrate
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Product contact layer
Outer layer
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Example:
Thermoforming film for the packaging of ham
LDPE 38 m
Adh 6 m
PA6 50 m total 150 m
Adh 6 m
EVA 50 m
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| 4. | Five-layer film
(with PA as the substrate)
* PA center layer can be replaced with EVOH |
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- Lid film
- Tray film
- Bag film
- Shrink film
For: see item 3 above
Extended application range due to the outer PA layer and additional EVOH layer embedded in the structure
Example:
Thermoforming film for medical/surgical products
PA 10 m
Adh 5 m
PA 10 m total 70 m
Adh 5 m
EVA 40 m
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| 5 | Seven-layer film
The seven-layer film is an extended five-layer structure and allows for incorporating regenerated material in the composite. For this reason it is bound to gain increasing importance in the time to come.
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Marrier Film
Marrier is barrier film product, which is developed by PT. Mandira Prima Perkasa and represents one of our product results where we always get machine technology support from Europe and USA. By Egan machine from DAVIS STANDARD CORPORATION USA, we are able to produce multy layer with capability until 7 layers. Production, which is done by In House, is able to produce Barrier film and can reduce expenditure significantly.
The properties from our Marrier film are :
- Weather & oil resistance, solvent & gas barrier
- Lustre/Gloss
- Environment protection performance
- Printability
- Fragrance preservation
- Antistatic properties
- High transparency
- Solvent Resistance
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